Then samsung galaxy a35.

Samsung phones nowadays are one of the best software support on every budget, starting with the A15 4G (~150€) with 5 years to the flagship, S24 ultra with 7 years.

Samsung galaxy A15 5G, Cheap phone (~180$), micro-sd, headphone jack, good software support (4 OS updates, 5 years security updates), good battery, 1080p amoled 90Hz 800 nits.

I would say debian but as others said, are you on hopping distros? Do you have any problem with fedora 39?

Debian 12 with your favorite DE, I use XFCE

I use samsung browser (chromium based) it have some extensions and built-in adblocker.

Debian 12 with xfce

In my servers I use debian 12, but I think a good balance (stability & up to date packages) would be linux mint in my opinion.

Well for calendar I use too the default app, but my usage it is pretty basic.

For me is good enough to not use the google ones.

Samsung browser (with adblock), spotify, Samsung email